CORE ACTIVITIES

1. Genetic Research & Quantitative Trait Development in Maize

·      Investigation of quantitative genetic and physiological-biochemical mechanisms behind heterosis and dominance in maize, focusing on abiotic stress resistance.

·      Improvement of mutation breeding technology using homozygous and heterozygous parental material.

·      Experimental mutagenesis to enhance genetic diversity in breeding material.

2. Specialized Crop Rotation & Field Management

·      Optimization of crop rotation systems with maize as the primary crop for grain, seed, and silage.

·      Development of efficient tillage practices for different soil types and rotation schemes.

3. Fertilization & Nutrient Management

·      Research on mineral nutrition and fertilization in maize.

·      Integration of organic and micronutrient fertilizers into fertilization systems.

4. Weed Control & Sustainable Agronomy

·      Development of effective weed control systems.

·      Testing of novel herbicides and agronomic methods.

·      Biological, ecological, and agrotechnical studies on economically significant pests and diseases.

MAIZE BREEDING & SEED PRODUCTION

1. Genetic Resource Management

·      Enrichment, conservation, and study of maize genetic resources.

2. High-Yield Hybrid Development (FAO 300-600 Maturity Groups)

·      Breeding hybrids for grain production across all maturity groups.

·      Specialized hybrids with targeted traits:

·      High-oil

·      High-lysine

·      Amylopectin-rich (waxy maize)

·      Sweet corn

·      Popcorn

3. Disease & Pest Resistance Breeding

·      Selection for resistance to economically significant pathogens and pests.

4. Hybrid Seed Production Systems

·      Development of male-sterile analogs and fertility restorers for CMS-based hybrid seed production.

·      Maintenance of inbred lines and production of:

·      Pre-basic seeds

·      Basic seeds

·      Certified seeds

5. Agronomic Optimization for New Hybrids

·      Crop-specific agrotechnical protocols for newly developed hybrids.

·      Water-use efficiency and irrigation strategies under different growing conditions.

·      Optimal planting density for various production systems.

6. Economic & Bioenergy Assessment

·      Economic analysis and organization of maize production systems.

·      Bioenergy evaluation of different production technologies.

The Maize Research Institute – Knezha focuses on:

·      Advanced genetic research to enhance stress tolerance and yield potential.

·      Innovative breeding for specialized hybrids (high-oil, high-lysine, waxy, sweet, popcorn).

·      Sustainable agronomic practices (fertilization, weed control, water management).

·      Seed production systems ensuring genetic purity and high-quality seeds.

·      Economic and bioenergy efficiency in maize farming.